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Emil Lederer (22 July 1882 – 29 May 1939) was a Bohemian-born German economist and sociologist. Purged from his position at Humboldt University of Berlin in 1933 for being Jewish, Lederer fled into exile. He helped establish the "University in Exile" at the New School in New York City. ==Biography== Lederer was born in 1882 to a Jewish〔(Jewish Economists ) at www.jinfo.org〕 merchant family. He studied law and national economy at Vienna University. Among others, his professors were Heinrich Lammasch, Karl Theodor von Inama-Sternegg, Franz von Juraschek, Carl Menger, Friedrich von Wieser, Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk and Eugen von Philippovich, while Ludwig von Mises, Joseph Schumpeter, Felix Somary, Otto Bauer and Rudolf Hilferding were among his fellow students. In 1905, Lederer received ''Dr. iur.'' in Vienna, and in 1911 ''Dr. rer. pol.'' at Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich. The next year, he habilitated at Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg with his thesis "Die Privatangestellten in der modernen Wirtschaftsentwicklung". In 1918, he was appointed assistant professor by Heidelberg University, but Lederer remained in Austria until 1920. In early 1919, he was appointed member of the ''German Socialisation Commission'' in Vienna, along with Hilferding and Schumpeter. At Heidelberg University, Lederer became assistant professor for social politics in 1920, and a full professor in the same year. From 1923 to 1925 he held lectures as guest professor at Tokyo Imperial University. From 1923 to 1931, Lederer and Alfred Weber were directors of the ''Institute for Social- and State Sciences''. In 1931, he succeeded Werner Sombart at the German Faculty for ''national economy'' and ''finance sciences'' at Humboldt University of Berlin. As was the case with almost all so-called "Heidelberger economists", Lederer was suspended by the Nazis on 14 April 1933 according to the ''Gesetz zur Wiederherstellung des Berufsbeamtentums'' until a final decision would be made. This affected all activities in connection with his offices. The salary was to be paid fully in the mean time.〔(Dr. Fritz Köhler: "Zur Vertreibung humanistischer Gelehrter" )〕 In addition, university members apparently had denunciated Lederer for being a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (since 1925) and for being "non-Aryan". Lederer escaped to London, afterwards coming to the USA, where (in 1933) he co-founded the "University in Exile" at The New School for Social Research in New York City, which would become the ''Graduate Faculty of Political and Social Science''. Emil Lederer was its first Dean until his sudden death in 1939, in the aftermath of an operation. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Emil Lederer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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